Textbook Page 216 - (1-17)
1. Define "neutralization" in your own words.
- Neutralization is the act of balancing two opposites to achieve a median.
2. What are the products of a neutralization reaction?
- A salt & H2O
3. How does an antacid work?
- An antacid works to increase the pH level of a solution in order to help it reach its norm. For example, lime is used in acidified lakes as an antacid to help increase its pH level to render it less acidic.
4. What is acid precipitation?
- Acid precipitation is precipitation (rainfall) with abnormally high levels of acidic substance, usually caused by environmental pollutants.
5. Name two gasses that contribute to acid precipitation.
- CO2 & Methane
6. Explain the term "acid leaching". Use an example in your answer.
- Acid leaching is an extractive technique that converts metals into soluble salts in liquid solutions. In a reaction, solid ZnO dissolves, forming soluble zinc sulfate.
7. Identify which of the following is a neutralization reaction.
- (b) is a neutralization reaction since the product contained a salt (Na3PO4) and water (H2O)
8. Complete the following word equations.
- (a) Hydrochloric acid
(b) Sodium bromide
(c) Hydrogen chloride
9. Write skeleton equations for each word equation from #8.
- (a) H2SO4 + CaOH2 --> HCl + CaS
(b) HBr + NaOH --> H2O + NaBr
(c) HCl + NaOH --> H2O + NaCl
10. Write balanced chemical equations for each skeleton equation in #9.
- (a) 4H2SO4 + 4CaOH2 --> 8HCl + 4CaS
(b) 2HBr + 2NaOH --> H2O + 2NaBr
(c) 2HCl + 2NaOH --> 2H2O + 2NaCl
11. I disagree with my classmate's conclusion. A chemical reaction can occur even if the colour stays the same and without any formation of precipitate. The colour does not necessarily have to change, and neither does precipitate have to form. Thus, a chemical reaction can occur with the absence of colour change and precipitate.
12. Why is it not a good idea to consume antacid routinely?
- Unhealthy for digestive system - Offsets natural order.
13. Suggest why acid rain is a problem in a place such as Ontario.
- Enables vehicular contraptions and structures to rust.
14. Explain why acid precipitation is a costly result of human activities.
- Urbanization is a major contributor to acid precipitation. The release of CO2 from cars, housing, and industry contribute to this affect.
15. Describe how acid precipitation affects lakes.
- Acid precipitation decreases the pH level of lakes rendering them more acidic over time.
16. Explain what role limestone has in protecting lakes.
- Limestone helps to raise the pH level of acidified lakes and helps them to return to their norm.
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